Mumps

Mumps is a contagious viral infection that primarily affects the salivary glands, particularly the parotid glands located near the ears. It is caused by the mumps virus, which spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or close contact with an infected person. Mumps can also spread through shared utensils or touching surfaces contaminated with the virus

Common symptoms of mumps include

Swelling and pain in one or both parotid glands, leading to a characteristic"chipmunk"appearance

Fever

Headache

Muscle aches

Fatigue

Loss of appetite

Pain while chewing or swallowing

Swelling and tenderness of the testicles in males (orchitis), which can lead to infertility in rare cases

Inflammation of the ovaries or breasts in females

Mumps can usually be diagnosed based on symptoms and physical examination. In some cases, laboratory tests such as viral culture or serological tests may be performed to confirm the diagnosis

Treatment for mumps is mainly supportive and focuses on relieving symptoms. This includes getting plenty of rest, staying hydrated, and taking over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen to reduce fever and relieve pain. It's important to avoid close contact with others, especially during the contagious period, which typically lasts about 5-9 days after symptoms appear

The MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine is highly effective in preventing mumps. It is usually given in two doses during childhood, with the first dose at 12-15 months of age and the second dose at 4-6 years of age. Vaccination not only protects individuals from mumps but also helps prevent outbreaks in communities